Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Archaelogy 2024, 4(2): 31-44 |
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Sołtysiak A, Fetner R A, Vahdati A A, Biscione R. Between the mountains and the desert: isotopic evidence of alluvial fan subsistence at Tepe Chalow; an early urban center in NE Iran. Archaelogy 2024; 4 (2) : 2
URL: http://archj.richt.ir/article-10-1708-en.html
URL: http://archj.richt.ir/article-10-1708-en.html
1- Department of Bioarchaeology, Institute of Archaeology University of Warsaw, Poland
2- Department of Bioarchaeology, Institute of ArchaeologyUniversity of Warsaw, Poland
3- Researcher, Cultural Heritage, Tourism, and Handicrafts, North Khorasan Province ,vahdatiali@yahoo.co.uk
4- Institute for Technologies Applied to Cultural Heritage, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
2- Department of Bioarchaeology, Institute of ArchaeologyUniversity of Warsaw, Poland
3- Researcher, Cultural Heritage, Tourism, and Handicrafts, North Khorasan Province ,
4- Institute for Technologies Applied to Cultural Heritage, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
Abstract: (2155 Views)
The process of urbanization in southern Central Asia, especially changes in land use patterns associated with an increase in social complexities during the 4th and 3rd millennia BC, is still poorly known. To rectify this gap, we studied δ13C and δ15N in collagen extracted from human and animal bones excavated at Tepe Chalow in Jajarm Plain, NE Iran. Samples taken from human skeletons represent two phases of occupation at the site: Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age (proto-urban, LC/EBA, c. 3400-2400 BC) and BMAC (urban, c. 2300-1700 BC). Animal bone samples were available only for the BMAC period. Bone collagen was extracted using a modified Longin protocol and isotopic values were obtained using a standard isotopic ratio mass spectrometer. In most human and animal samples average δ15N values are very high. That is likely to be the result of combined aridity and intensive manuring in relatively small areas of land suitable for irrigation agriculture. Besides, shift in δ13C between proto-urban and urban phases may be related to the transition from household animal husbandry to wider exploitation of saline steppes around the site as pastures. Isotopic data supports the model of a regional shift from small-scale farming in the Late Chalcolithic and various modes of agropastoralism in the Bronze Age to nomadic or transhumant pastoralism in the Iron Age.
Article number: 2
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Archeology and History of Art
Received: 2024/06/26 | Accepted: 2024/08/24 | Published: 2024/09/21
Received: 2024/06/26 | Accepted: 2024/08/24 | Published: 2024/09/21
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